Erectile dysfunction (impotence) Erectile dysfunction (ED) or impotence means you can’t get an erection. It can also mean you are dissatisfied with the size or hardness of your erections, or how long your erections last. In the past, ED was thought to be due to psychological problems. It is now known that for most men ED is caused by physical problems. These are most often related to the blood supply of the penis. Causes of erectile dysfunction: There are different types and causes of ED. These are some of the most common: Premature ejaculation: This is the inability to keep an erection long enough for mutual pleasure. Performance anxiety: This is most often caused by stress. https://www.hanxinclinic.com/index.php/2019/11/30/erectile-dysfunction-impotence/
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Endometriosis The tissue that lines the uterus is called the endometrium. Normally, if a woman doesn’t get pregnant, this tissue is shed each month during her period. In endometriosis, tissue that looks and acts like endometrial tissue implants outside the uterus. Each month, this misplaced tissue responds to the hormonal changes of the menstrual cycle. It builds up, breaks down, and bleeds. But, the blood has nowhere to go. This causes surrounding tissue to become inflamed or swollen. It can also cause scar tissue, chronic pain, and heavy periods. Endometriosis is a main cause of infertility in women. This can happen if the tissue implants in the ovaries or fallopian tubes. Tissue can also implant on other organs in the pelvis. Causes of endometriosis: The cause of endometriosis is not clear. It may be that during a woman’s period, some of the tissue backs up through the fallopian tubes into the belly. Another theory suggests genes are to blame. Current research is also looki
Why woman really go for bad boys? Forget waiting by the phone for someone who never calls, science suggests niceness is hot. “Nice guys finish last” is one of the most widely believed maxims of dating. Fleshed out, the idea goes something like this: heterosexual women might say they want nice characteristics in a partner, but in reality what they want is the challenge that comes with dating a “bad boy”. This idea is so widespread that some people are even making money off the back of it, selling self-help books and teaching men how to pick up women by insulting them – a practice known as “negging”. Recently, an article published by Broadly claimed, “Everyone knows [bad boys] … are desirable. Thanks to a recent study, this is now scientifically verifiable.” https://www.hanxinclinic.com/index.php/2019/11/28/why-woman-really-go-for-bad-boys/
Asthma Asthma attacks all age groups but often starts in childhood. It is a disease characterized by recurrent attacks of breathlessness and wheezing, which vary in severity and frequency from person to person. In an individual, they may occur from hour to hour and day to day. This condition is due to inflammation of the air passages in the lungs and affects the sensitivity of the nerve endings in the airways so they become easily irritated. In an attack, the lining of the passages swell causing the airways to narrow and reducing the flow of air in and out of the lungs. Causes of childhood asthma: Researchers continue to learn what causes asthma. It is not entirely understood. The following things play a part: Genetics: Asthma runs in families. Allergies: Some allergies are more common in people with asthma. And, allergies also tend to run in families. Respiratory infections: Infants and young children who have some respiratory infections are more likely to have long-term
Facts about how amazing the female body is? One of the most fascinating features of the female body is childbearing. But the fact that women can grow another human being inside of them is not the only thing that makes them so amazing. If you take a closer look at the female organism, you can find plenty of other interesting facts that women themselves may not even know about. We put together 9 points that prove the female body is full of surprises both weird and wonderful. 9- One of the breast is always bigger than the other: No woman has absolutely symmetrical breasts. The difference in their size can either be invisible or quite noticeable, and there could be lots of reasons for this. For example, it could be a difference in the volume of breast tissue, the size or shape of the breast pocket, or even the elasticity of the skin on each breast. However, there’s nothing to worry about as it’s a totally natural and normal occurrence. https://www.hanxinclinic.com/index.php/201
Occupational lung diseases-2 In previous discussion we have discussed Definition and explanation of Occupational lung diseases Causes of occupational lung diseases Sign and symptoms of occupational lung diseases So in this discussion we will continue with Diagnosis of occupational lung diseases: Occupational lung diseases, like other lung diseases, usually require an initial chest X-ray for diagnosis. Tests that may be needed to determine the type and severity of the lung disease include: https://www.hanxinclinic.com/index.php/2019/11/25/occupational-lung-diseases-2/
Occupational lung diseases Occupational lung diseases are lung problems that are made worse in certain work environments. They are caused by long-term exposure to certain irritants that are breathed into the lungs. These lung diseases may have lasting effects, even after the exposure ends. Particles in the air from many sources, such as factories, smokestacks, exhaust, fires, mining, construction, and agriculture , cause these lung problems. The smaller the particles are, the more damage they can do to the lungs. Smaller particles are easily inhaled deep into the lungs. There, they are absorbed into the body instead of being coughed out: https://www.hanxinclinic.com/index.php/2019/11/24/occupational-lung-diseases/
Sinusitis Sinusitis is an infection of the lining of the sinuses near the nose. These infections most often happen after a cold or after an allergy flare-up. Types of sinusitis: Acute: Symptoms last less than 4 weeks and get better with the right care. Sub-acute: This type of infection does not get better with treatment at first. Symptoms last 4 to 8 weeks. https://www.hanxinclinic.com/index.php/2019/11/23/sinusitis/
Epilepsy and seizures-3 In previous discussion we have discussed Definition of epilepsy Definition of seizures Types of seizures Causes of seizure Sign and symptoms of a seizure Diagnosis of seizures So now we will continue our discussion with Treatment of seizure: Specific treatment for a seizure will be determined by your healthcare provider based on: https://www.hanxinclinic.com/index.php/2019/11/22/epilepsy-and-seizures-3/
Epilepsy and seizures-2 In previous discussion we have discussed Definition of epilepsy Definition of seizures Types of seizures So now we will continue our discussion with Causes of seizure: A person may experience one or many different types of seizures. While the exact cause of the seizure may not be known, the more common seizures are caused by the following: https://www.hanxinclinic.com/index.php/2019/11/21/epilepsy-and-seizures-2/
Epilepsy and seizures Epilepsy: Epilepsy is a neurological condition involving the brain that makes people more susceptible to having recurrent seizures. It is one of the most common disorders of the nervous system and affects people of all ages, races, and ethnic background. Almost 2.2 million Americans live with epilepsy. Anything that interrupts the normal connections between nerve cells in the brain can cause a seizure. This includes a high fever, low blood sugar, high blood sugar, alcohol or drug withdrawal, or a brain concussion. Under these circumstances, anyone can have one or more seizures. However, when a person has two or more seizures, he or she is considered to have epilepsy. There are many possible causes of epilepsy, including an imbalance of nerve-signaling chemicals called neurotransmitters, tumors, strokes, and brain damage from illness or injury, or some combination of these. In the majority of cases, there may be no cause that can be discovered for epilepsy
7 Curious Female Features That Seem to Attract Men the Most We found several pieces of research that prove the following statement: being attractive doesn’t always mean being flawless. 1-Sweat When you get really sweaty outside the gym, it’s kind of embarrassing. People can discriminate more than 1 trillion types of aromas. And while sweat may not be the most pleasant one, it actually says a lot about our feelings. Scientists state that the “scent of happiness” is very contagious, and as we smell it we might feel positive emotions too. 2-Infectious laughter Psychologists say that if we meet someone who makes us laugh sincerely, a romantic relationship with this person might have a positive outcome. Life will be filled with laughter and positive emotions almost all the time. https://www.hanxinclinic.com/index.php/2019/11/19/7-curious-female-features-that-seem-to-attract-men-the-most/
Atopic dermatitis-2 In previous discussion we have discussed Definition of atopic dermatitis Causes of atopic dermatitis Sign and symptoms of atopic dermatitis Diagnosis of atopic dermatitis Treatment for atopic dermatitis So now we will continue our discussion with Complications of atopic dermatitis: Complications of atopic dermatitis include: https://www.hanxinclinic.com/index.php/2019/11/18/atopic-dermatitis-2/
Atopic dermatitis Atopic dermatitis is a chronic skin disorder. It causes dry, itchy, scaly patches on the skin, often on the face and scalp in babies. It’s most common in infants or very young children. Most will show signs of the condition in the first year of life. Symptoms may last until the teens or adulthood. It rarely starts in adulthood. Atopic dermatitis is not contagious. Atopic dermatitis tends to run in families. This suggests a genetic link. It’s also associated with asthma and allergies, which are immune hypersensitivity disorders. Treatment for this condition is aimed at calming the skin inflammation, decreasing the itching, and preventing infections. Good skin care and medicine to control itching and infection are used. Atopic dermatitis is often called eczema. https://www.hanxinclinic.com/index.php/2019/11/17/atopic-dermatitis/
Stroke-3 In previous discussion we have discussed Definition of stroke Causes of stroke Risk factors for stroke Sign and symptoms of stroke Diagnosis of stroke Treatment for stroke so now we will continue our discussion with Complications of stroke: Recovery from stroke and the specific ability affected depends on the size and location of the stroke. A small stroke may cause problems such as weakness in your arm or leg. Larger strokes may cause parts of your body to not be able to move (be paralyzed). Larger strokes can also cause loss of speech or even death. https://www.hanxinclinic.com/index.php/2019/11/16/stroke-3/
Stroke-2 In previous discussion we have discussed about Definition of stroke Causes of stroke Risk factors for stroke So now we will continue our discussion with Sign and symptoms of stroke: A stroke is an emergency situation. It’s important to know the signs of a stroke and get help quickly. Call 911 or your local emergency number right away. Treatment is most effective when started right away. Stroke symptoms may happen suddenly. Each person’s symptoms may vary. Symptoms may include: https://www.hanxinclinic.com/index.php/2019/11/15/stroke-2/
Stroke A stroke, or brain attack, happens when blood flow to your brain is stopped. It is an emergency situation. The brain needs a constant supply of oxygen and nutrients in order to work well. If blood supply is stopped even for a short time, this can cause problems. Brain cells begin to die after just a few minutes without blood or oxygen. When brain cells die, brain function is lost. You may not be able to do things that are controlled by that part of the brain. For example, a stroke may affect your ability to: https://www.hanxinclinic.com/index.php/2019/11/14/stroke/
Shingles (Herpes Zoster) Shingles, or herpes zoster, is a common infection of the nerves. It is caused by a virus. Shingles triggers a painful rash or small blisters on an area of skin. It can appear anywhere on the body, but it typically appears on only one side of the face or body. Burning or shooting pain and tingling or itching are early signs of the infection. Even after the rash is gone, the pain can continue for months, even years. Causes of shingles: Shingles is caused when the chickenpox virus is reactivated. After a person has had chickenpox, the virus lies dormant in certain nerves for many years. Shingles is more common in people with weakened immune systems, and in people over the age of 50. https://www.hanxinclinic.com/index.php/2019/11/13/shingles-herpes-zoster/
Appendicitis Appendicitis is a medical emergency that happens when your appendix becomes sore, swollen, and diseased. The appendix is a thin tube that is joined to the large intestine. It sits in the lower right part of your belly (abdomen). When you are a young child, your appendix is a working part of your immune system. The immune system helps your body to fight disease. When you are older, your appendix stops doing this. Other parts of your body keep helping to fight infection. The appendix does not keep working when you are older, but it can get infected. If not treated it can burst (rupture). This is serious and can lead to more infection and even death. https://www.hanxinclinic.com/index.php/2019/11/11/appendicitis/
Alcoholic Hepatitis It’s a serious condition that affects people who are, or used to be, heavy drinkers. It can cause short- or long-term liver damage. The liver is the largest organ in the body, and it removes poisons such as alcohol from the blood. When it’s damaged by decades of heavy drinking, it can become inflamed, scarred, and fatty. Over time, it stops working right. Up to 35% of long-time heavy drinkers develop alcoholic hepatitis. If you have it, you might wake up and notice that your skin or the whites of your eyes look yellow — a condition called jaundice.You might also have a fever, stomachache, or liquid buildup in your belly, and you may lose weight.If you’ve been diagnosed with it or think you might have it, here’s what you need to know. https://www.hanxinclinic.com/index.php/2019/11/10/alcoholic-hepatitis-2/
Cervicitis Cervicitis is an irritation or infection of the cervix. A number of different organisms can cause it. Cervicitis can be acute, meaning symptoms start suddenly and are severe. Or it can be chronic, lasting several months or longer. Causes of cervicitis: Cervicitis may be caused by a number of sexually transmitted infections including: Gonorrhea Chlamydia Herpes Trichimoniasis Cervicitis may also be caused by vaginal infections, such as bacterial vaginosis. It is often confused with vaginitis. https://www.hanxinclinic.com/index.php/2019/11/09/cervicitis/
Diabetic nephropathy Nephropathy means your kidneys are not working well. The final stage of nephropathy is called kidney failure, end-stage renal disease, or ESRD. Diabetes, both type 1 and type 2, is the most common cause of kidney disease. Type 1 is more likely to lead to ESRD. There are five stages of diabetic nephropathy. The final stage is ESRD. Progress from one stage to the next can take many years. Causes of diabetic nephropathy: Both high blood pressure and high blood sugar damage the kidneys. As kidney disease gets worse, physical changes in the kidneys often lead to increased blood pressure. Uncontrolled high blood pressure can speed the progress toward ESRD. High blood sugar related to diabetes damages the kidney in several different ways. Mainly, it damages the blood vessels that filter the blood to make urine. https://www.hanxinclinic.com/index.php/2019/11/08/diabetic-nephropathy/
Metaplasia Explanation of metaplasia: This is a segment of mucous membrane of bronchia. The left is the normal structure — ciliated columnar epithelium, but right is squamous epithelium, which is not exist here. The concept of metaplasia is: one adult cell type is replaced by another adult cell type. Metaplasia means “convert”. Note that the cell types before and after converting are matured. Whether the cell is mature is the landmark of metaplastic cell and tumor cell. The commonest example is respiratory columnar epithelium transfer to squamous epithelium. Look this figure. This is respiratory columnar epithelium, this is basement membrane. Note this cell, it is small, irregular, located base of the epithelium. It is stem cell， or you can call it reserve cell. What is stem cell? Yes, the cell keeps undifferentiated state and has the ability of reproduce. It is this cell in the tissue that the cell type transformation is possible. When the outside stress threaten the cell s
Hyperplasia Definition of hyperplasia: increased number of cells in an organ or tissue, that can be pranchyma cell or mesenchyma cell. Types of hyperplasia: Compensative hyperplasia Hormonal hyperplasia Morphology of hyperplasia: Mitosis active and cell number increase. https://www.hanxinclinic.com/index.php/2019/11/06/hyperplasia/
Hypertrophy Definition of hypertrophy: increase in the size of cells (parenchyma cell) and consequently an increase in the size of the organ. Types of hypertrophy: Compensative hypertrophy Hormonal hypertrophy The hypertrophy describe the increase size of individual cell. If there are many hypertrophy cells in an organ, the size of the organ will increase. Note here the cell just means parenchyma cell. Only increase the parenchyma cell size can increase the organ function. Such an adaptation has physiological significance. https://www.hanxinclinic.com/index.php/2019/11/05/hypertrophy/
Atrophy-2 In previous discussion we have discussed Definition of atrophy Explanation of atrophy Morphology of atrophy Microscopic view of atrophy Metabolism,function and consequence of atrophic cell Causes of Cell Atrophy so now we will continue our discussion with remaining explanation of causes of atrophy. Causes of Cell Atrophy: Inadequate nutrition Pressure: Compressed atrophy Decreased workload: eg. fractured limb ( disuse atrophy) Denervation Ageing (senile atrophy) Loss of endocrine stimulation These first two are examples of malnutrition. https://www.hanxinclinic.com/index.php/2019/11/04/atrophy-2/
Atrophy Definition of atrophy: Shrinkage in the size of the cell(parenchyma cell) by the loss of cell substance. When a sufficient number of cells are involved, the entire tissue or organ(A well developed organ) diminishes in size, becoming atrophic. Explanation of atrophy: Let’s see the atrophy. Conception: Shrinkage in the size of the cell by loss of cell substance. When a sufficient number of cells are involved, the entire tissue or organ diminishes in size, becoming atrophic. https://www.hanxinclinic.com/index.php/2019/11/03/atrophy/
CELLULAR ADAPTATION Adaptation means that cell change it’s morphology to fit the light harmful stimuli from in or out of cell. The cell is alive but its function change concomitance with its morphology. Cell changes it’s morphology to fit the mild harmful stimuli from in or out of cell. Mechanism of Adaptation: cell regulates it’s growth and differentiation to fit the environment stress. Cell can regulate it’s growth at 3 levels. Transcription: make more or less messenger ribonucleic acid; Translation: make more or less proteins. Post-translation: (1)make the proteins more or less active; (2) degrade the protein faster or slower. https://www.hanxinclinic.com/index.php/2019/11/02/cellular-adaptation/
Cell injury and cell death how many things can cause cell injury? Reduced-oxygen in atmosphere (< 21%), Less oxygen in blood low blood stream Decreased oxygen load of RBC Anthracemia Mediterranean anemia living cell actively reacts to the change of environment every time. Such as nutritional imbalances ,oxygen deficiency, hypoxia, infectious agents, genetic defects, physical agents, chemical agents, Aging, immunologic reactions and so on. Most time the cell can adapt the changes by changing its metabolism, then its structure and function to come to homeostasis. Once the condition is improved, the cell will return to a stable baseline. But if the stimuli are too severe beyond the cell adjusting ability, or the stimulation persist too long time, the cell will be damaged. Oxygen deprivation includes oxygen deficiency and hypoxia. That is the most common cause of cell injury and death. Note the difference of two kinds of oxygen deprivation. What is the differe