Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD)

  • A group of diseases characterized by limitation of airflow usually resulting from an increase in resistance from partial or complete obstruction at any level.

Epidemiology of COPD:

  • Globally, as of 2010, COPD affected approximately 329 million people (4.8% of the population).
  • Between 1990 and 2010 the number of deaths from COPD decreased slightly from 3.1 million to 2.9 million and became the fourth leading cause of death.
  • In 2012 it became the third leading cause as the number of deaths rose again to 3.1 million.
  • more common in older people

ASTHMA:

  • Asthma is a bronchial hypersensitivity disorder characterized by reversible airway obstruction, produced by a combination of mucosal edema, constriction of the bronchial musculature, and excessivesecretion of viscid mucus, causing mucous plugs.
  • Asthma is a chronic lung disease that obstructs airflow
  • The obstruction is reversible
  • It involves dyspnea due to
–Inflammation (swelling)

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Parkinson disease-2 in previous discussion we have discussed Definition of parkinson’s disease Causes of Parkinson disease Risk factors for Parkinson disease Sign and symptoms of Parkinson disease so today we will continue our discussion with How is Parkinson disease diagnosed? Diagnosing Parkinson in the early stages can be difficult. At first, signs and symptoms may look like other conditions or the effects of normal aging. For this reason, your doctor may want to monitor your symptoms for some time until they are consistently present. Currently, there are no blood or lab tests to diagnose Parkinson. Diagnosis of Parkinson is based mainly on a medical history and thorough neurological exam. Brain scans or lab tests may be done to help rule out other diseases or conditions, but brain scans generally will turn out to be normal with Parkinson. Methods to diagnose Parkinson include: Neurological exam:  (including evaluation of symptoms and their severity) Trial ...
Read more
Asthma Asthma attacks all age groups but often starts in childhood. It is a disease characterized by recurrent attacks of breathlessness and wheezing, which vary in severity and frequency from person to person. In an individual, they may occur from hour to hour and day to day. This condition is due to inflammation of the air passages in the lungs and affects the sensitivity of the nerve endings in the airways so they become easily irritated. In an attack, the lining of the passages swell causing the airways to narrow and reducing the flow of air in and out of the lungs. Causes of childhood asthma: Researchers continue to learn what causes asthma. It is not entirely understood. The following things play a part: Genetics:  Asthma runs in families. Allergies:  Some allergies are more common in people with asthma. And, allergies also tend to run in families. Respiratory infections:  Infants and young children who have some respiratory infections are more likely to ...
Read more